Health Belief Model and Individualist-Collective Culture on Compliance with Health Protocols

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread amost all over the world including Indonesia since March 2020,
causing many people got infected. Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) was enforced, whereas activities
outside the home were restricted. After the PSBB period is revoked, people can do actvities outside the home
while still adhering to health protocols. Compliance with health protocols cannot be separated from public
perceptions of health, namely Health Belief Model. In addition, culture also plays a role in determining one’s
behaviour. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the health belief model and collective
culture with health protocol compliance. The research method used was a quantitative research method with
correlation analysis techniques. The number of respondents in this study was 408 people, with age range of
20-39 years old and live in Jakarta. The results of the study found that perceivd susceptibiliy, perceived
severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, self-efficacy had a relationship with health
protocol compliance and the most significant correlation was perceived susceptibility. The results also
revealed that horizontal individualism, vertical individualism, horizontal collective, vertical collective had a
relationship ith health protocol compliance ant the most significant relationship is horizontal collective and
vertical collective. This research concluded the more someone feels vulnerable being exposed to COVID
and the collective culture that adheres health protocols in the group, the higher compliance.